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Wang, Xuelian ， Yang, Yongheng ， Hua, Yifan ， Sun, Bainian ， Miao, Yunfa
2023 REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY null 308(卷), null(期), (null页)
Enriching our knowledge of Paleozoic conifers helps our understanding of plant diversification and climate change in this period. Here we report a compression conifer with well-preserved leaf twigs and seed cones discovered in the Cisuralian Shanxi Formation in Yongchang, Gansu Province, northwest China. The conifer was identified as a new genus, Hexicladia (H. yongchangensis gen. et sp. nov.), according to detailed morphological comparisons of vegetative and reproductive organs with related fossil genera of Paleozoic conifers. The vegetative shoots have helically-arranged ascending branches. The leaves are spirally arranged and broadly attached. The seed cones are terminal and erect, with several bract-scale complexes around the cone axis. The new fossil is assigned to the Voltziales, based on its whole architecture, and its similarities to some walchian conifers. Nevertheless, the discovery of Hexicladia gen. nov. adds to our knowledge of Paleozoic conifers, and reveals that conifers had already evolved complex features in the early Permian.