The objective of this study is to assess the thermal performance of various layers applied on the rooftops of four identical test cells situated in the semi-arid climate of Marrakech, Morocco. These layers consist of two mortarbased composites: one reinforced with date palm fibers (DPRM) and the other with Alfa fibers (AFRM), along with a layer of white gravel (WG), and a conventional mortar layer used as a reference (CM). We conducted experimental measurements on the thermophysical properties of the mortars, including parameters such as density, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity. Additionally, we determined and recorded the heat flux through the roofs of each cell, as well as the temperatures of both the upper and lower surfaces of each roof and the indoor air temperature of each cell at five-minute intervals. Meteorological data were collected using a weather station. The results from the thermophysical analysis revealed significant variations in thermal characteristics between the composite materials and the reference material. Furthermore, the application of 40 mm of DPRM, AFRM, and WG had a substantial impact on shielding the indoor environment from external weather conditions compared to the reference test cell. Consequently, there was a notable reduction in heat flux ranging from 16.02 % to 57.07 % for the various cells during the monitoring phase, resulting in a decrease in daily heat gain ranging from 16.89 % to 78.31 %, depending on the material used and climatic conditions.