The rapid development of mining activities in the northwest oasis industrial and mining cities has led to significant environmental challenges. While previous studies have primarily focused on the soil-wheat system, limited research has been conducted on the soil-corn system. As one of the main crops in the Northwest region, corn is crucial for local food security, and the contamination of corn grains by heavy metals directly affects the health of the population. This study investigates the concentrations of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) in soil and various parts of corn plants in the region. The results reveal that the average Cu and Ni concentrations in the soil were 124.00 mg kg-1 and 136.80 mg kg-1, respectively, both significantly higher than local background values. Cu and Ni concentrations were highest in the tassels, and the spatial distribution of these metals suggests a common pollution source. Bio-concentration and translocation factors indicated that Cu was more easily accumulated and translocated than Ni in corn plants. Health risk assessment showed that the hazard quotient (HQ) for both children and adults was below 1, indicating no significant health risks from Cu and Ni exposure through corn consumption. At sampling points 1, 2, 3, 14, and 15, the Ni contamination in corn grains poses a significant carcinogenic risk to both children and adults, required enhanced monitoring and the implementation of appropriate protective measures to mitigate the health hazards of long-term exposure.