The research was conducted during 2012-2015 in Research - Development Center for Agricultural Plants on Sands Dabuleni, and were aimed the study of 16 cultivars of cowpea in a comparative culture of competition, in order to introduce culture of the most valuable. In sandy soil conditions, the cultivars of cowpea registered a vegetation period in 92-109 days, requiring approximately 1997.2 to 2499.9 degrees C, for maturing. The earliest varieties were: Aura 26, Aura, D4-1, Ofelia, and most late were Jiana, D12 / 2000 cowpea cultivars. The results concerning the productivity elements made from cowpea, indicate values differentiated by cultivar. They were marked by high levels of productivity elements, Aura 26, Ofelia, D2-b / 93, Aura, D2-3a, D3-5 cultivars, which recorded over 11 pods / plant and over 10 grains / pod. Between leaf area index (L.A.I.) and grain yield obtained at cultivars of cowpea, there is a distinct significantly negative correlation. The cultivars of cowpea, which have developed a value of L.A.I. by 5 to 5.4, were recorded the highest grain yields of 2603.7 to 2857 kg/ha (Ofelia, Aura, Aura 26, D2-3a, D3 / 93). Analysis on grain quality by cowpea cultivars, studied in sandy soils conditions, reflects an average protein by 22.4%, with values within limits from 20.5 to 23.8% and fats content with an average of 2.5%, which varied depending on the cultivar, between 1.9 to 2.9%.