To improve the natural environment of arid and desert areas and to protect sand vegetation, we take estimation of the aboveground biomass of Haloxylon ammodendron in the Liangucheng National Reserve as our research object in this study, using SPSS and Excel software for data analysis and processing. Models for estimating aboveground biomass in sandy and gravel soil were established, and the results showed that this value for H. ammodendron was significantly correlated with basal diameter and plant height, as well as their complex variables. The best estimation models in sandy and gravel soil are W = 0.138 (DH)(1397) and W = 0.189 (DH)(1433), which have prediction accuracies of 82.825% and 83.688% and average relative errors of 14.392% and 13.455%, respectively. These models have high fitting precisions and can be used to estimate the biomass of H. ammodendron.