In response to characteristics of the natural climate in extremely arid areas and the physiological characteristics of grapes in Shanshan County, China, and by relying on micro -spray atomizing regulation technology to change micro -climate environments in vineyards and using methods of contrastive analysis of test data and model calculation analysis, this paper studies changes in grape physiological ecology, photosynthetic characteristics, quality and yield under atomizing regulation action and proposes an optimal technical scheme for atomizing regulation: the atomizing regulation treatment can lower average temperatures by 1.6 degrees C during grape expansion periods, increase average humidity by 6.6%, and improve grape branch length, internode length, leaf number, leaf area, mid -rib length and ovendry weight better than conventional drip irrigation (CK) treatment. Fitting calculation analysis of the photosynthetic rate, CO2 concentration response curve, and light response curve through a mathematical model shows that the atomizing regulation treatment has less influence on photosynthetic characteristics of grapes but helps improve grape quality and provides higher yield than conventional drip irrigation (CK) treatment. Spray water for 1 h a day (WP2) treatment creates optimal quality and the highest yield, 24.0% higher than that of conventional drip irrigation (CK) treatment. All research data indicate that spray water for 1 h a day (WP2) treatment is an optimal technical scheme for atomizing regulation treatment of vineyards in extremely arid areas and creates strong benefits, including a high water resource utilization ratio, enhancement of micro-climates, obvious quality improvement, and yield increase effects.