What happened after the Last Glacial Maximum? Transitions in site use on an arid inland island in north-western Australia

Reynen, Wendy , Vannieuwenhuyse, Dorcas , Morse, Kate , Monks, Carly , Balme, Jane

2018-10-01 ARCHAEOLOGY IN OCEANIA 2018   53(卷), 3(期), (150-162页)

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The presence of Aboriginal people in interior refuges as climate conditions deteriorated with the onset of glacial aridity is now well documented in the Australian arid zone. Further excavation at Yurlu Kankala, a large rock shelter located on an island of high land in the inland Pilbara, demonstrates repeated human occupation from at least 47-43 cal ka BP through the Last Glacial Maximum to the mid-Holocene. Despite the continued presence of bone representing human food remains and an increased occurrence of hearths, after 18-17 cal ka BP there is a dramatic reduction in stone artefact numbers, suggesting that use of the site changed markedly. In exploring the drivers behind this change, we investigate the role of rock shelters in Aboriginal land-use systems in the Pleistocene Pilbara. Yurlu Kankala makes a substantive contribution to answering questions on changing rock shelter and landscape use during the post-LGM movement of people into the wider Pilbara uplands. RESUME La presence de population de chasseurs-cueilleurs dans les zones refugesde la zone aride australienneau coeur du dernier maximum glaciaireestaujourd'hui bien documentee. La sequence de Yurlu Kankala, un grand abri sous roche dans les terres interieures du Pilbara, a revele une occupation humaine debutant a 47-43 cal BP et persistant a travers le dernier maximum glaciere jusqu'au milieu de l'Holocene. Les restes de faune retrouvees et un nombre important de foyers suggerent des occupations breves mais repetees au cours du Pleistocene. Cependant, apres 18-17 cal BP, une reduction importante de l'industrie lithique suggere un changement d'utilisation du site. En explorant les differents facteurs possiblesa l'origine de ce changement, nous essayons de mieux comprendre le role des abris sous roche dans les systemes d'occupation du territoire dans le Pilbara au Pleistocene. Yurlu Kankala apporte ainsi une contribution importante aux problematiques archeologiques regionales tels que les changements de type d'occupation des abris sous rocheaucours du temps mais aussi l'occupation et l'utilisationdu territoire dans le Pilbaraa la suite du dernier maximum glaciaire.