Atmospheric turbulence is one of the key factors influencing cloud microphysical parameters, such as effective particle radius (RE), liquid water content (LWC), and cloud particle number concentration (N). This study conducted collaborative observations using a Mie scattering lidar and a Ka-band millimeter-wave cloud radar in the semi-arid region of Yinchuan area. Based on the residual intensity scintillation theory, lidar inversion yielded the vertical profile of atmospheric turbulence refractive index structure constants for this region. The cloud radar detects power spectrum data to retrieve vertical velocity, LWC, RE, and N within layered clouds, and quantifies their association with turbulence. Experiments were performed on four cases: two cases of stratiform clouds during rainfall intermission, and two cases of mesostratus-altocumulus clouds under cloudy conditions. The atmospheric turbulence refractive index structure constants and cloud microphysical parameter profiles for the respective days were retrieved using lidar and cloud radar. Using Spearman's correlation coefficient method, the relationships between atmospheric turbulence intensity and LWC, RE and N were analyzed. This study systematically compares the correlation differences between turbulence intensity and core cloud microphysical parameters under four conditions in Yinchuan area, revealing the transition of turbulence-dominant mechanisms under varying thermodynamic and water vapor conditions. The results show a significant positive or negative correlation between atmospheric turbulence and various cloud microphysical parameters, which confirmed the existence of a close relationship between atmospheric turbulence and cloud microphysical parameters. Studying the influence mechanism of atmospheric turbulence on cloud microphysical parameters is crucial for a better understanding of aerosol-cloud interactions.