The choice of photovoltaic technology is crucial for efficient simultaneous crop and energy production, especially for tomato, one of the most economically significant greenhouse crops in arid and semi-arid regions. This study systematically compares four greenhouses: control (C), shading net (SC), and two commercially available semitransparent PV technologies, monocrystalline silicon (PV-Si) and cadmium telluride thin-film (PV-TF). The effects of each configuration on light availability, microclimate, and yield were evaluated across two growing seasons. During the winter-spring cycle, only the C and PV-Si greenhouses maintained daily light integral (DLI) values above the minimum threshold required for optimal crop development. Despite a similar number of fruits, the PV-Si greenhouse produced fruits with a mean weight 25% higher than the control, which was attributed to more favourable nighttime air temperatures and higher soil moisture. In the spring-summer cycle, although all the treatments exceeded the critical DLI threshold, photosynthetic activity in the SC and PV-TF greenhouses was restricted during key periods of the photoperiod, resulting in reduced yields. In contrast, the checkerboard configuration of the PV-Si panels allowed sufficient light transmission throughout both cycles, preventing shadeavoidance responses and maintaining yield levels comparable to or exceeding the control. The PV-Si system generated a total of 726.8 kWh over the study period, outperforming the PV-TF system. PV-induced shading moderated springtime temperature fluctuations but was insufficient to mitigate peak summer temperatures. Overall, the PV-Si system effectively balanced solar radiation management, thermal regulation, and energy production, demonstrating its potential as a suitable technology for agrivoltaic applications.