Experimental and numerical analysis of shallow geothermal ventilation for sustainable cooling buildings in arid regions

Mabrouk, Ahmed Badr , Sarbaev, Rais , Kianmehr, Peiman

2026-06-01 RESULTS IN ENGINEERING 2026   30(卷), null(期), (null页)

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  • The high cooling demand in arid regions like the United Arab Emirates (UAE) necessitates sustainable alternatives to conventional air conditioning. This study investigates experimentally (36 degrees C inlet) and via validated predictive models (up to 45 degrees C inlet) the performance of a horizontal shallow geothermal ventilation (SGV) system. An integrated methodology combining experimental measurements, analytical modeling, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations was employed. Experimental results demonstrate that lower airflow velocities (1.5 m/s) maximize temperature reduction, achieving Delta T up to 7.3 degrees C from a 36 degrees C inlet. Model predictions at an elevated inlet temperature of 45 degrees C indicate a potential Delta T of up to 16.6 degrees C, cooling the air to approximately 28.5 degrees C. A critical finding for design optimization is that over 60% of the total cooling occurs within the initial 10-15 m of pipe length, indicating a point of diminishing returns. Integration with a conventional AC unit reduced the mechanical cooling load by over 50%, with net energy savings of up to 0.985 kW (model-predicted at 45 degrees C inlet). A preliminary economic assessment indicates a payback period of approximately 6.7 years for this prototype-scale system. This work provides empirically validated design guidelines for EAHX systems in arid, sandy environments, contributing to sustainable building practices in the Gulf region.