Efficient and continuous atmospheric water harvesting through adsorption-desorption coupled with capillary water transportation

Nearly one-third of the world's population faces the challenge of water scarcity, especially in remote and arid regions. Adsorbent-based, continuous, all-day atmospheric water harvesting technology holds promise as a solution, surpassing traditional intermittent methods. However, current continuous systems, such as multi-bed adsorption and rotary systems, still suffer from low hourly water production and energy losses during the cooling transition between adsorption and desorption. This study proposes a continuous atmospheric water harvesting system integrating hygroscopic absorption, capillary-driven water transport, and interfacial evaporation. This system enables simultaneous adsorption and desorption without switching cycles. The system achieves a water yield of 1.75 kg center dot kg- 1 center dot h- 1 under 90%RH at 25 degrees C. Even under low humidity condition (30%RH, 25 degrees C), a water production rate as high as 1.08 kg center dot kg- 1 center dot h- 1 can be achieved. Surprisingly, due to the open capillary structure and the low water evaporation enthalpy on nanosecond laser-treated titanium surface (as low as 446.82 kJ center dot kg- 1, an 81.6% reduction compared to bulk water). The desorption region interface evaporation temperature is as low as (42-53 degrees C), due to open capillary structure and the low water evaporation enthalpy on nanosecond laser-treated titanium surface (as low as 446.82 kJ center dot kg- 1, an 81.6% reduction compared to bulk water), the interfacial evaporation temperature in the desorption region is as low as 42-53 degrees C. The system demonstrated good stability in both indoor and outdoor tests. Results show that the system can achieve energyefficient and continuous atmospheric water collection under various humidity conditions, with an hourly output superior to previous continuous systems, providing an important solution to the freshwater shortage problem in remote and arid regions.