Groundwater (GW) is a critical resource for socioeconomic development and environmental sustainability, particularly in Tunisia's semi-arid regions. Nevertheless, unsustainable extraction practices and inadequate governance have given rise to substantial challenges, including aquifer depletion, salinization, and ecological degradation. This study examines stakeholder preferences for GW management instruments in the Mahdia region (Tunisia) using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). It evaluates economic, social, and environmental criteria, assessing the preferences of researchers, decision-makers, and farmers. Results reveal differences in stakeholder priorities: farmers assign the highest weight to economic objectives, while researchers prioritize environmental sustainability, and decision-makers emphasize a balanced consideration of environmental and social criteria. The results indicate that the water bank (WB) system is the most preferred management tool, followed by quotas across stakeholders. Consistency ratios remain within acceptable AHP thresholds, supporting the reliability of the prioritization results. These findings underscore the importance of participatory governance frameworks that align the diverse priorities of stakeholders with the overarching goal of sustainable GW management. By integrating scientific evidence from researchers, the practical knowledge of farmers, and the priorities of decision-makers to develop balanced policies that reflect all stakeholder preferences, Tunisia can create more resilient and effective solutions to address the challenges of GW overexploitation. Les eaux souterraines sont essentielles au d & eacute;veloppement socio & eacute;conomique et & agrave; la durabilit & eacute; environnementale, notamment dans les r & eacute;gions semi-arides de la Tunisie. Cependant, une gouvernance insuffisante et une surexploitation croissante ont engendr & eacute; des d & eacute;fis critiques, tels que l'& eacute;puisement des aquif & egrave;res, la salinisation et la d & eacute;gradation & eacute;cologique. Cette & eacute;tude examine les pr & eacute;f & eacute;rences des parties prenantes concernant les instruments de gestion des eaux souterraines dans la r & eacute;gion de Mahdia (Tunisie) en appliquant le processus d'analyse hi & eacute;rarchique (AHP). L'& eacute;valuation repose sur des crit & egrave;res & eacute;conomiques, sociaux et environnementaux, en int & eacute;grant les perspectives des chercheurs, des d & eacute;cideurs et des agriculteurs. Les r & eacute;sultats montrent que le syst & egrave;me de banque d'eau est l'option la plus pl & eacute;biscit & eacute;e, suivi des quotas et d'autres instruments de gestion. Les agriculteurs privil & eacute;gient les objectifs & eacute;conomiques, tandis que les chercheurs insistent sur la durabilit & eacute; environnementale. Quant aux d & eacute;cideurs, ils prennent en compte & agrave; la fois les dimensions sociales et environnementales. Ces r & eacute;sultats soulignent la n & eacute;cessit & eacute; d'une gouvernance participative alignant les priorit & eacute;s des diff & eacute;rentes parties prenantes. En combinant l'expertise scientifique des chercheurs, le savoir-faire des agriculteurs et les priorit & eacute;s politiques, la Tunisie pourrait adopter des politiques efficaces pour limiter la surexploitation des aquif & egrave;res.