Yu, Haiying ， Zhao, Wenju ， Wang, Zhijun ， Cui, Na ， Hu, Yixuan
2026-05-01 ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 2026 1559(卷), 1(期), (null页)
Optimizing water-nitrogen-biochar (W-N-B) management is essential for achieving sustainable greenhouse tomato production under climate change. This study assessed long-term changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), greenhouse gas fluxes, and tomato yield under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5) during 2025-2100 and evaluated trade-offs among carbon mitigation, productivity, and resource use efficiency. The results showed that biochar application consistently increased tomato yield and SOC while reducing CO2 and N2O emissions, whereas irrigation and nitrogen input primarily influenced yield formation and N2O emissions. Among the three climate scenarios, SSP1-2.6 produced the greatest cobenefits, with yield increasing by 4.16%, SOC rising by 0.73%, and global warming potential decreasing by 18.6%. The optimal W-N-B management strategies were identified as W1N3B3 under SSP1-2.6, W2N2B2 under SSP2-4.5, and W2N3B3 under SSP5-8.5. These findings provide scientific support for developing high-yield and low-carbon greenhouse agriculture in arid regions of Northwest China.