Experimental study on performance improvement and energy savings of split-type air conditioning system using direct evaporative cooling in hot Iraqi climate

Alsilbi, Muhsen M. , Abbas, Abdalrazzaq K. , Al-Tayyar, Mohammed A. , Rashid, Farhan Lafta , Ameen, Arman

2026-08-01 INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 2026   177(卷), null(期), (null页)

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The challenge of electricity consumption is one of the most pressing Global issues today. Air-conditioning systems represent a major part of this consumption, and their impact is even more visible in hot-desert climate. A practical approach to mitigate this problem is to pre-cooled ambient air before it enters the outdoor unit, which not only improves system performance. In this experimental study, a split-type air conditioner of 1.5-ton capacity was tested under the summer conditions of Karbala city, Iraq. Direct evaporative cooling technique was adopted using a 100 mm thick cellulose pad, positioned 55 cm away from the outdoor condenser to allow better airmoisture mixing. Comparative measurements were carried out between the conventional units and the modified one. The results showed a reduction in power consumption by up to 24.56% and an increase in coefficient of performance by nearly 37.47%. From an economic point of view, the analysis revealed that the maximum saving in annual electricity cost was about USD 20.45, while the life-cycle saving ranged between USD 220 and USD 365. The payback-time of the initial investment was estimated around 3 years which indicates a relatively short recovery time. Such findings provide a meaningful signal toward adapting environmentally friendly strategies.