Slope regulation and storage measures (SRASM) are critical for soil and water conservation in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River (MRYR). These functions are largely delivered by specific land use/cover (LULC) types, such as forest, grassland, and terrace. However, the resilience (recovery and resistance) of these LULC under flood stress is still unclear. This study focuses on the three LULC mentioned above, using the resistance and recovery performance of the three LULC after a flood event as the basis for determining resilience under flood stress. Evaluation methods for flood events and calculation methods for resistance and recovery are proposed, and the resilience under flood stress of different LULC and sub-watersheds in the MRYR are analyzed. The results indicate that, flood events in the MRYR mostly occur in summer (61.8%), and the number of floods decreases from southeast to northwest; three LULC exhibit flood resilience, with grass showing superior recovery and forest demonstrating great resistance; as the slope increases, the number of severe flooding increases and resilience decreases; From a spatial perspective, the recovery of the MRYR is higher in the western region than in the eastern region. The resilience of the MRYR is strongest on the sub-watershed Right bank above Wubao (D040200). This study aims to provide scientific basis for improving water resource management and ecological protection under flood stress environment in the MRYR.