This study evaluated replacing wheat straw (WH) with alternative agricultural by-products, soybean hulls (SBH) or sunflower hulls (SFH), in complete pelleted diets and their effects on feed intake, metabolic status, and reproductive performance of Naemi ewes. Sixty-three ewes (40.0 +/- 4.8 kg body weight, 7-8 months) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments over a 270day. Measurements included dry matter intake, body weight, body condition score, reproductive indices, and serum glucose and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Fiber source affected feed intake during specific reproductive stages (p < 0.05), with SBH diets leading to higher intake during mid-gestation and early postpartum. Ewes fed SBH had higher body weight during late gestation and early lactation (p < 0.05). Reproductive rates pregnancy, lambing, and fecundity were highest in SBH group, while lamb survival was lower in the SFH group (p < 0.05)., SBH group had lower serum NEFA concentrations during late gestation (p < 0.05), indicating a less negative energy balance. In conclusion, both by-products can physically replace traditional forage, with SBH being a superior fiber source. Incorporating SBH into complete pelleted feeds provides a practical solution to preserve maternal body reserves, improve periparturient energy balance, and enhance flock reproductive performance in semi-arid production systems, although more long-term researches are needed.