Optimizing crop production necessitates minimizing environmental burdens while enhancing resource use efficiency. However, studies that integrate multi-dimensional environmental indicators with efficiency evaluations remain limited. This constrains a full understanding of trade-offs and synergies between resource use and environmental impacts in crop production. This study integrates life cycle assessment with a super-efficiency slack-based measure model to assess the environmental footprints and total-factor environmental efficiency (TFEE) of five staple crops across 60 counties in Jilin Province, China, during 2011-2022. Using eleven environmental indicators as undesirable outputs and a crop-county dual-scale perspective, it reveals both crop-specific and spatial heterogeneity. Results show that fertilizer consistently acts as the dominant impact source, contributing nearly 70% of the total impacts. The primary attribution pathway is identified as "Fertilizer-Maize-Central counties-Ozone depletion". Maize exhibits the most stable and broadly distributed TFEE, with a larger share of counties remaining in the medium-to-high efficiency range. The county-level TFEE exhibits persistent advantages in the central black soil region and constraints in the western dryland region. A recovery trend after 2018 is observed, with the share of high-efficiency counties increasing from 8% to 30% by 2022. This study provides evidence for designing spatially differentiated and efficiency-oriented pathways, including improved nutrient management, low-emission paddy cultivation, and water-efficient practices in dryland regions, to support the transition toward sustainable agriculture.