From waste to strength: The role of FGD gypsum in loess stabilization and its environmental benefits
Yuan, Kangze ， Xie, Wanli ， Gao, Xuanyu ， Li, Xinyu ， Liu, Qiqi
2025-11-21 ISCIENCE 2025 28(卷), 11(期), (null页)
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Loess exhibits high porosity and structural vulnerability, presenting serious geotechnical challenges in arid and semi-arid regions. In this study, the use of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, a coal combustion by-product, as a sustainable alternative to traditional stabilizers was investigated. The resulting mechanical properties showed that incorporating 20% FGD gypsum could increase the unconfined compression strength of loess by about four times. The microstructural characterization (FTIR, XRD, SEM, and CT) confirmed improved cementation via CaSO4 & sdot;2H2O formation and a denser microstructure with higher microporosity. Avizo-based image processing further elucidated the micro-macro correlations. Life cycle assessment was also carried out, which showed up to 97% lower global warming potential than lime. These results demonstrate that FGD gypsum significantly enhances mechanical performance and environmental sustainability, offering a viable low-carbon alternative for loess stabilization.
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