Vegetation impacts groundwater depletion. Invasive species encroachment alters land use and cover patterns, impacting groundwater recharge, surface water interactions, and evaporation rates, with high evapotranspiration plants reducing groundwater storage. This study investigates the significant impact of invasive species, Prosopis juliflora on depletion of groundwater resources in the arid and semi-arid regions of Gujarat, India. Principal component analysis and K-means clustering were employed to reduce the dimensionality of complex climatic and land cover data and to identify patterns of Prosopis juliflora distribution and its correlation with groundwater depletion across 25 districts. Combined with satellite imagery-based analysis, the research reveals a notable correlation between the spread of Prosopis juliflora and groundwater depletion. Key findings show that regions with dense Prosopis juliflora populations, such as Kachchh, Patan, and Banaskantha, have experienced groundwater declines of approximately 3 to 6 meters below ground level (m bgl) over the past two decades. In Kachchh, for instance, groundwater levels deepened from about 15 m bgl in 1995 to 18 m bgl by 2020, despite a general increase in rainfall in recent years, particularly in the sub-districts of Nakhatrana and Mandvi. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of Prosopis juliflora's influence on groundwater resources, establishing a foundation for future studies and policy development aimed at sustainable water resource management.