The origin and spread of rice were crucial to the development of complex societies and state formation in East Asia. Recently, the Nanzuo archaeological site (5100-4700 cal a B.P.), located on the Dongzhi Yuan, the largest loess tableland of the Chinese Loess Plateau and a typical semi-arid region, unearthed millions of charred rice remains. This discovery raises the question of whether the rice remains were locally grown or brought in from elsewhere given that traditional farming in this region was primarily focused on millet cultivation at the time. Climatic conditions during this period are prerequisite for addressing this issue. We use snail assemblages from the Shuaibao section, a natural loess depositional profile located near the Nanzuo site, to reconstruct Holocene climate changes in the region. Our results indicate that during the period of the site's occupation, the climate was warmer and more humid than it is today, with a predominance of thermo-humidiphilous snail species. Furthermore, our preliminary quantitative reconstructions indicate that the MAP at that time could reach approximately 550-600 mm, and the accumulated temperature above 10 degrees C (the base temperature for rice growth) has exceeded over 3400 degrees C. These conditions match modern thermal and water requirements for cultivating rice (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica, the variety found at the Nanzuo site). Thus, we conclude that the possibility of local rice cultivation during 5100-4700 cal a B.P. cannot be excluded in terms of climate conditions.