Assessing groundwater quality is crucial in semi-arid regions where these resources represent the main source of drinking water. This study, conducted in the Angads plain (north-east Morocco), examined 90 groundwater samples collected during two distinct periods: wet and dry. The objective was to characterize the physicochemical and metallic quality of water intended for human consumption, while taking into account seasonal variability and health risks. The results of physicochemical parameters revealed that average ion concentrations (mg/L) in groundwater were in the following order: Na+ (272.90) > Ca2+ (195.77) > Mg2+ (67.87) > K+ (5.45) for cations, and Cl- (553.17) > HCO3- (395.76) > SO42- (150.03) > NO3- (70.41) for anions. The Customized Groundwater Quality Index (CGWQI) developed in this study based on a factorial analysis, showed that almost all groundwater samples (84.5 %) were of moderate to excellent quality. The Heavy metal Pollution Index (HPI) was used to evaluate Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs), revealing that 100 % of the samples showed no trace element pollution. Furthermore, the health risk assessment evaluated by the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) showed that 100 % of groundwater samples, for children and adults, did not represent a risk for children and adults. Additionally, the Total Carcinogenic Risk (TCR) also showed that all groundwater were safe and did not represent a carcinogenic risk. The CGWQI index, which is better adapted to local conditions, provides a more accurate reflection of seasonal variations. This study underscores the importance of using indices customized to the local environment for more precise water quality assessments.