Karimi, Mehran , Sayfzadeh, Saeed , Pazoki, Alireza , Masouleh, Esmaeil Hadidi , Zakerin, Hamid Reza
2025-07-21 JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION 2025 48(卷), 12(期), (1987-2003页)
Biofertilizers do not immediately affect growth as much as chemical fertilizers, so farmers often try to use chemical fertilizers to grow and develop crops. Nevertheless, many results have been reported about the positive effect of biofertilizers on crops. This experiment was conducted under a split-plot design setup with three replications over two years (2018-2019) in the Animal Sciences Research Institute of Alborz province, Iran. The main plot included four nitrogen fertilizer application levels (0, 50, 100, and 200 kg ha-1, as urea). The biofertilizers application consisted of eight levels: No inoculation, Azotobacter, mycorrhiza, Azospirillum, Azotobacter + Mycorrhiza, Azotobacter + Azospirillum, Mycorrhiza + Azospirillum, Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter + Azospirillum inoculation, that were placed in subplots. The nitrogen levels and biofertilizers application interaction effect on fresh, dry forage yield and crude fiber percentage was significant (p = 0.01). The highest fresh and dry forage yield was achieved in b7 (Azc + Azm) and b8 (Azc + Mrz + Azm) treatments under 200 kg ha-1 pure nitrogen application. Also, under the interaction influence of nitrogen (200 kg ha-1), azotobacter, azospirillium, and mycorrhiza combined application, crude fiber percentage, crude protein, digestible protein, ash content, and feed value decreased. According to this research results, Azc + Mrz + Azm and 200 kg ha-1 pure nitrogen application are recommended to achieve the highest quantitative and qualitative corn yield in semi-arid regions. Also, we recommend that 125, 150, 175, and 200 kg ha-1 of pure nitrogen be used in future research so that the effects of reducing nitrogen consumption using biological fertilizers that supply nitrogen can be appropriately determined.