Groundwater flow systems (GFSs) and associated distribution of travel times provide critical insight into the regional subsurface hydrology, especially in arid regions experiencing intensive groundwater use. This study examines the impact of large-scale irrigation pumping on GFS patterns in the arid Kongqi River Basin, China. A three-dimensional (3D) steady-state groundwater flow model was constructed using MODFLOW, and flow paths were delineated through particle tracking to quantify travel time and residence time distributions. Two scenarios with and without pumping were compared. Results show that groundwater abstraction significantly alters GFS patterns, lowering water tables in pumping zones while raising them in irrigation areas fed by surface water. This hydrologic redistribution fragments recharge and discharge zones, particularly under the influence of evapotranspiration (ET) from shallow groundwater. Simulated travel times range up to similar to 506 ka, with median values decreasing from 9.7 ka (no-pumping) to 8.3 ka (pumping). Both travel time distribution (TTD) and residence time distribution (RTD) exhibit power-law characteristics, reflecting the dominance of slow flow paths in deep GFSs. While the modeling results provide valuable insight into current regional groundwater flow, it does not account for transient flow effects and hydrodynamic dispersion of solutions. Future research should incorporate groundwater isotope data to validate the model and assess time-dependent changes in GFSs.