This study presents a comprehensive analysis of physicochemical parameters, statistics, and spatial distribution of groundwater for the desert area of Pakistan. It aims to assess the contamination hotspots and to appraise the groundwater quality in the region. A total of 50 groundwater samples were collected from dug wells and analyzed for key physicochemical parameters, including Arsenic (As), Fluoride (F), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Chloride (Cl), and Total Hardness (TH). The spatial distribution of these parameters was mapped using the Geographic Information System (GIS) tool. At the same time, statistical analysis viz, Water Quality Index (WQI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), correlation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to identify significant differences among groundwater quality metrics across different locations. The WQI analysis revealed that 20 % of the study area's water was unsuitable for drinking purposes. A large portion (50 %) of the study area exceeds World Health Organization (WHO) standards for As in drinking water, with 40 % of samples surpassing the F limit, 28 % exceeding the TDS, 26 % exceeding EC, 22 % for As, 18 % for Cl, and 6 % for TH. Correlation analysis has shown a positive relationship between F, EC, and TDS, suggesting their potential as an indicator of water electrolytic properties. This indicates that the groundwater conditions were not good for daily use. The findings indicate the impact of population, development activities, and climate variability on groundwater in the study region. This study also contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) by providing useful information for the monitoring of groundwater in arid regions. Policymakers and government agencies can use these findings to develop targeted and sustainable strategies that ensure the sustainability of the water supply and prevent the further contamination of groundwater aquifers in the region.