Ramola, Meenakshi , Mishra, Prabhash K. , Nayak, Purna C. , Thakur, Aradhana
2025-05-10 CURRENT SCIENCE 2025 128(卷), 9(期), (915-926页)
Rainfall recharges natural sources of water, which directly or indirectly impacts India's economy. Rainfall-induced natural calamities coupled with climate change have a vast impact on water resources. The present study attempts to examine the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall across six homogeneous monsoon regions of India, viz. Central Northeast, and Hilly. In this study, the non-parametric MannKendall (MK) test, Sen's slope estimator (SSE) and entropy method have been used for trend analysis of al and annual trends were analysed with the help of Zvalues, and for visualisation of results, box plot and GIS-based Kriging approaches were used. Rainy-day trends were also considered in the analyses. Thus, Central Northeast, West Central and Hilly regions showed decreasing annual and monsoon trends, whereas showed increasing annual and monsoon trends. The Central Northeast region was the only region that showed a significant decreasing rainfall trend at a 5% level of significance, with a Z-statistics of -3.31. Trends of remaining regions were not significant. The Northwest region, comprising dry, arid region, showed an increasing rainy-day trend with a Z-statistics of corrected as 0.89. Entropy-based variability analysis indicated the Northwest region with maximum variability with an MDI value of 0.04 each, for monsoon and anfound for Northwest region, indicating highest variability in the rainy-day series.