The high density system is characterized by high levels of water irrigation and chemical fertilization. The agronomical approaches for regenerative agriculture such asirrigation management and reduction of chemical fertilizationare solutions to increase water use efficiency, regenerate soil health and improve nuts quality. The aim of this study is to test the impact of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), rootstocks (P. atlantica; P. vera), and NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) fertilization vs. compost on yield and nut nutritional quality of four pistachio cultivars (Mateur, Elguetar, Kerman and Ohadi). The experiment orchard was located in the Regional Center of Agricultural Research of SidiBouzid (CRRA)-Tunisia, during two growing seasons (2023/2024). Three treatments were applied; T0 = 100% ETc (crop evapotranspiration) + NPK fertilization; T1 = 50% ETc during stage I and II of nut development and 100% ETc during the stage III) + 1/2 NPK + compost (20 t ha(- 1)); T2 = 50% ETc +1/2 NPK + compost (20 t ha(- 1)). Results showed that the control (T0) and the RDI (T1) treatments showed similar behavior in yield and nut quality. The rootstock P.atlantica showed statistically significant difference in yield, nut composition, and water productivity. The compost fertilization maintained high water status in pistachio trees. The average water savings of 25% during the growing seasons, lead us to conclude that RDI strategy here tested is a suitable strategy to be implemented in high-density pistachio orchards in semi-arid areas. The cultivar Mateur grafted in P.atlantica could be more suited to be planted in high-density pistachio orchards under the RDI strategy.