Tamarix ramosissima is a widely distributed shrub species in hyper arid areas of northwest China. However, the response of T. ramosissima radial growth to the recent "warm and humid" climate at the southern Tarim basin remains unclear. Here we collected disc samples of T. ramosissima in the desert oasis ecotone at the southern Tarim basin. We used dendrochronology techniques to process the samples and established tree - ring width chronology. Growth-climate relationship analysis revealed that the radial growth of T. ramosissima exhibited positive correlations with: (1) minimum temperature in the previous year autumn, winter, current spring, and early summer; (2) precipitation in late winter, current year spring, and early summer; and (3) drought in late autumn of the previous year, spring, and early summer of the current year. The moving correlation analysis demonstrated that the relationship between radial growth of T. ramosissima and minimum temperature during the constraining seasons gradually strengthened, while the relationship with precipitation, and drought index generally decreased. The above results suggest that the growth of T. ramosissima is benefiting from the current climatic conditions in this region, suggesting that its ecological shelterbelt functions might be improved.