The survival and performance of native desert plants in arid and saline environments is very low, which challenges the biodiversity productivity in these ecosystems. Panicum turgidum Forssk. is an efficient option for salt exclusion and possesses greater diversity, which is essential for rangeland development and enhancing biodiversity. This native desert grass exhibits several physiological responses to cope with the harsh conditions, such as drought, salinity and poor nutrient soil habitats that include the seashores, terrestrial desert plains and dunes. It plays an important role in revegetation projects and domestic feeding in arid desert ecosystems. The present review helps in providing an understanding of the ecology and biological processes of P. turgidum Forssk. which is crucial for conservation strategies, adaptations and survival in arid environments. Additionally, this review provides insights into the chemical composition and nutritive value of P. turgidum Forssk. shedding light on its forage yield and palatability. More significantly, its biological activities and importance in rangeland management within arid desert ecosystems of the Arabian Peninsula, including Kuwait, are explored. Optimizing agronomic practices is crucial for reducing soil salt, drought stress, harvest issues and its contribution to sustainable ecological functions and rangeland management. The key challenges and valuable suggestions for future research directions are also addressed.