Natural antioxidants from plants can counteract various free radicals that contribute to human diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the phytochemicals, mineral composition, and antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of methanolic extracts derived from Haloxylon and Heliotropium species, specifically Haloxylon persicum and Heliotropium bacciferum, which are prevalent in arid regions. We conducted phytochemical screening, analyzed the macro- and micro-elements in the leaf extracts, and performed four different in vitro antioxidant assays (ABTS, DPPH, superoxide anions, and hydroxyl radicals) to investigate the scavenging properties of these plant extracts. Both H. persicum and H. bacciferum extracts contained flavonoids, tannins, phenols, and cardiac glycosides, with H. persicum containing steroids and H. bacciferum containing alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids. Mineral analysis revealed significant levels of macro- and micro-elements in the studied Haloxylon and Helitropium species. H. persicum exhibited high amounts of Mg (12.16 mg/kg) and H. bacciferum had elevated levels of Ca (38.45 mg/kg) and S (6.73 mg/kg). Micronutrient content was particularly high in H. persicum, with varied composition of Cr (8.46 mg/kg), Ni (8.06 mg/kg), Pb (3.55 mg/kg), and Zn (60.73 mg/kg). Antioxidant activity analysis demonstrated that the methanolic extract of H. bacciferum displayed efficient scavenging activity against ABTS, DPPH, and hydroxyl radicals at a concentration of 160 mu g/ml, inhibiting them by 81.23%, 83%, and 83.46%, respectively, with IC50 values of 5.9 mu g/ml, 26.16 mu g/ml, and 25.82 mu g/ml, respectively. Meanwhile, the methanolic extract of H. persicum exhibited the highest superoxide anion scavenging activity, at 160 mu g/ml, with an inhibition of 80.06% and an IC50 value of 26.03 mu g/ml. Methanolic extracts from the leaves of H. persicum and H. bacciferum are promising sources of natural antioxidants, offering the potential for effective free radical inhibitors in plant-based pharmaceutical products.