Links between protein-source diversity, household behavior, and protein consumption inadequacy in the Indian rural semi-arid tropics
Kumar, Shalander ， Pramanik, Soumitra ， Reardon, Thomas ， Revathi, E.
2025-02-04 FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2025 9(卷), null(期), (null页)
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Our study analyzes the determinants, sources, and levels of protein consumption among 785 households across nine districts in six Indian states in the semi-arid tropics. We found that 80% of these households consumed less protein than recommended and relied on cereals for 60-75% of their protein intake. Notably, even when protein-rich foods are accessible to households, they still consume them insufficiently. We found that their protein intake deficiency is driven by a lack of diversity of protein sources (in particular, legumes, millets, and livestock), as well as by a dearth of women's education and role in household decision-making and low incomes and assets. We advocate for initiatives to raise nutrition awareness, empower women, and adopt a nutrition-centric farming approach.
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