A new cleanup method by vortex-activated charcoal adsorption for determining organic acids in wines and grape juices by HPLC: Performance, validation, and analysis of commercial products from new tropical regions in Brazil

Methods for measuring organic acids in juices and wines have evolved. The presence of interferents, mainly phenolic compounds, has led to increased use of cleanup techniques. Brazil is a country of continental proportions, and new regions in the northeast with a tropical highland climate have begun producing fine wines. This study aimed to develop and validate a new cleanup method using vortex-activated charcoal adsorption for HPLC-DAD analysis of the main organic acids in wines and grape juices. The optimized method was applied to the analysis of the first harvests of commercial Brazilian samples from new tropical regions. The cleanup method was decisive in reducing interfering compounds and preserving analytes, at a charcoal dose of 45 mg with a vortex time of 3 min. The technique provided adequate precision (CV% of 1.21-7.07), recovery (75-104.9 %), specificity, and detection limits (0.008-0.018 g/L), enabling quantification of succinic and citric acid analytes that were not quantified by direct injection due to interferents. It can be observed that the acid profiles of wines from the Vale do Catimbau (Buique, Pernambuco), a recent tropical high-altitude region (900 m), were similar to those of another new tropical high-altitude region (Chapada Diamantina, Morro do Chapeu Bahia, 1100 m), characterized by higher malic acidity and lower acetic and succinic acid values when compared to products from the area with designation of origin Vale do Sao Francisco, in a semi-arid tropical climate. This provides important information for winegrowers and for understanding the diversity of Brazilian products.