2025-12-01 IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 2025 74(卷), 5(期), (2156-2173页)
This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance, crop evapotranspiration (ETc), crop coefficients (Kc, Kcb and Ke) and yield response factor (Ky) of three forage cactus clones-Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM), Mi & uacute;da (MIU) and IPA Sert & acirc;nia (IPA)-grown in a semiarid environment. Four experiments involving different irrigation strategies and the use of mulch were conducted between 2012 and 2020. The OEM clone presented the highest yields of fresh matter (428.44 Mg ha-1) and dry matter (39.14 Mg ha-1). The use of mulch increased the average productivity by 15% and reduced soil evaporation by 13%. The highest ETc (3.14 mm day-1) was recorded for the OEM. The average Kc values under cultivation without mulch were 0.61 (OEM), 0.59 (MIU) and 0.62 (IPA). When cultivated with mulch (8.2 Mg ha-1), a Kc value of 0.45 (OEM) was observed. Under a relatively high mulch rate (18 Mg ha-1), the Kc values increased to 0.70 (OEM), 0.66 (MIU) and 0.63 (IPA). The average Ky across clones was 0.80, reinforcing the adaptability of the forage cactus to the semiarid region. The results highlight the influence of species and management strategies on water use and productivity, emphasizing the importance of considering these factors in irrigation planning. Cette & eacute;tude visait & agrave; & eacute;valuer la performance agronomique, l'& eacute;vapotranspiration des cultures (ETc), les coefficients des cultures (Kc, Kcb et Ke) et le facteur de r & eacute;ponse du rendement (Ky) de trois cactus fourrages-orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM), Mi & uacute;da (MIU), et IPA Sert & acirc;nia (IPA)-cultiv & eacute;s dans un milieu semi-aride. Quatre exp & eacute;riences ont & eacute;t & eacute; men & eacute;es impliquant diff & eacute;rentes strat & eacute;gies d'irrigation et l'utilisation de paillis entre 2012 et 2020. Le clone OEM pr & eacute;sentait les rendements les plus & eacute;lev & eacute;s en mati & egrave;re fra & icirc;che (428,44 Mg ha-1) et en mati & egrave;re s & egrave;che (39,14 Mg ha-1). L'utilisation de paillis a augment & eacute; la productivit & eacute; moyenne de 15% et a r & eacute;duit l'& eacute;vaporation du sol de 13%. L'ETc le plus & eacute;lev & eacute; (3,14 mm jour-1) a & eacute;t & eacute; enregistr & eacute; pour l'OEM. Les valeurs moyennes de Kc en culture sans paillis & eacute;taient de 0,61 (OEM), 0,59 (MIU) et 0,62 (IPA). En culture avec du paillis (8,2 Mg ha-1), on a observ & eacute; une valeur de Kc de 0,45 (OEM). Avec un taux de paillis relativement & eacute;lev & eacute; (18 Mg ha-1), les valeurs de Kc augmentaient & agrave; 0,70 (OEM), 0,66 (MIU) et 0,63 (IPA). Le Ky moyen pour les clones & eacute;tait de 0,80, renfor & ccedil;ant l'adaptabilit & eacute; du cactus fourrage & agrave; la r & eacute;gion semi-aride. Les r & eacute;sultats soulignent l'influence des esp & egrave;ces et des strat & eacute;gies de gestion sur l'utilisation de l'eau et la productivit & eacute;, soulignant l'importance de tenir compte de ces facteurs dans la planification de l'irrigation.