Understanding long-term precipitation patterns in semi-arid river basins is vital for sustainable water resource management, especially under the influence of global climate change. This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of precipitation concentration, extreme precipitation events, and meteorological droughts in the Shilabati River basin, West Bengal, India, from 1970 to 2022. High-resolution daily precipitation and temperature datasets from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) were analyzed using key climate indices, including the Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI), Seasonality Index (SI), and drought indicators such as the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The IMD datasets are bias-corrected and validated against observed data. Serial independence was assessed through the autocorrelation test, and change points were detected using Mann-Whitney-Pettitt (MWP). The trends and magnitudes were evaluated using the Modified Mann-Kendall (MMK) test and Sen's slope estimator. Previous studies have predominantly focused on administrative unit-based analyses, often neglecting basin-level investigations. Addressing this gap, the study reveals a significant decline (p < 0.05) in annual precipitation, accompanied by marked interannual variability. Elevated PCI values (> 15) and high seasonality (SI = 0.80-0.99) above the state average (PCI = 10-15; SI = 0.66-0.99) highlight strong monsoonal influence, with pronounced seasonality and extended dry spells. Extreme precipitation events are concentrated downstream, with higher values in indices such as, Rx5day, R10mm, R20mm, and PRCPTOT, while severe drought conditions dominate the middle to upper-middle basins. These insights provide a nuanced understanding of regional precipitation and drought patterns, offering critical inputs for policy-making, water resource management, and sustainable land-use planning. Collaborative efforts with stakeholders to implement drought management and community-based adaptation strategies are essential to address the ecological and socioeconomic challenges specific to the Shilabati basin. [GRAPHICS]