The stingless bee Scaptotrigona postica is a major pollinator of plants in Caatinga biome, being well adapted to semiarid conditions. Even though this species represents an important source of honey, propolis and pollen to local communities, their colonies have been threatened by landscape modifications. The goal of this study was to identify the nidification and to characterize the nest architecture in colonies of S. postica based on the length and width of brood combs, the height and diameter of honey/pollen pots, and the estimated population size per colony. The nidification encompassed 23 plant species, with a predominance of Commiphora leptophloeos. The mean diameter values of trunk hollows and the inner space occupied by bees were 10.51 +/- 2.44 cm and 6.47 +/- 2.37 cm, respectively. The mean number of brood combs was 10.54 +/- 3.84 (9.43 +/- 2.05 cm long and 8.8 +/- 2.73 cm wide on average). The mean height of food pots was 2.47 +/- 0.27 cm, without size differences between pollen and honey pots. The population size ranged from 3412 to 14,586 individuals per colony with a mean value of 7803.62 +/- 3537.30. These data imply that the nest features in S. postica are similar to other Meliponini, but their nesting habits are more diversified than those reported in most stingless bees which usually exploit a few species to nidification. Thus, conservation policies of diversified habitats are encouraged to provide suitable nesting material and trophic resources of stingless bee populations across their natural range.