Background: Understanding the interactions between weed communities and chickpea crops can improve weed management practices, boost crop productivity, and promote sustainability. Objective: Assessing the interference caused by weed communities on chickpea production and to explore the relationship between weed biodiversity and chickpea yield. Methods: Random sampling was utilized to assess weed populations in 85 chickpea fields. Weed density and canopy cover, as well as indices of species richness, Shannon-Weiner, and Camargo's evenness, were recorded at two phenological stages of chickpeas: four to seven leaves and mid to early-podding. Regression methods were employed to examine the effects of weed traits on chickpea yield. Finally, principal component analysis was conducted among weed and chickpea data. Results: Chickpea yield decreased with increasing weed density and canopy cover. Increasing weed density from 0 to 50 plants m-2 decreased chickpea yield by 36.73% at the four to seven-leaf stage. In addition, an increase in canopy cover from 0 to 55% caused a yield loss of 41.70 g m-2 at the early-podding stage. Wild safflower Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieb.) and chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) were the most predominant weeds with a significant negative correlation with chickpea yield. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) had a negative correlation with chicory and wild safflower. There was a positive relationship between density and canopy cover of licorice and chickpea yield, weed diversity and evenness. Conclusions: Effective weed management should focus on both controlling dominant species and promoting weed diversity to enhance crop productivity and environmental sustainability.