The technique of vertical electrical sounding (VES) is used here to evaluate the influence of several geoelectrical parameters of reflection coefficient (RC), fractured constant (FC), anisotropy (lambda) of the subsurface hydrogeological layers and protecting layers (h(Overb)) which affect the overburden protective capacity (OPC) of the Quaternary aquifer in the Khanasser Valley region, Northern Syria. RC varies between a minimum of -0.89 and a maximum of 0.92 with an average of -0.28. FC varies between a minimum of 0.057 and a maximum of 25 with an average of 1.89. lambda varies between a minimum of 0.72 and a maximum of 2.31 with an average of 1.24. The overburden-protecting layer (h(Overb)) varies between a minimum of 1.1 m and a maximum of 28.9 m with an average of 5.36 m. OPC varies between a minimum of 0.01 Omega(-1) and a maximum of 13.75 Omega(-1) with an average of 0.94 Omega(-1). The statistical correlation matrix computed for those parameters highlights the mutual relationships between them. Different empirical equations are consequently established between the mentioned treated parameters and the OPC one. Three different trends of negative exponential function are revealed between anisotropy lambda and OPC, indicating the presence of different hydraulic systems. The alteration sequence. HIGHLIGHTS center dot A new VES approach is proposed to evaluate the hydrogeophysical characteristics of the Quaternary aquifer in the Khanasser region, Northern Syria. Overburden protective capacity (OPC) of the Quaternary aquifer is discussed and documented. The influence of reflection coefficient (RC), fractured constant (FC), anisotropy (lambda) of the subsurface hydrogeological layers and protecting layers (h(Overb)), affecting the OPC is evaluated.