In semiarid tropics, potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) are the major nutrients that enhance the yield and juice quality of the sugarcane plants. The research experiment was carried out at PAU-Regional Research Station, Kapurthala, Punjab, India, on the potential of Potash Salt of Active Phosphorus (PSAP) which contains potassium and phosphorus during the spring season of 2021-2022 concerning insect-pests, yields, and quality parameters. With 50% reduction of P and K fertilizers, treatments compared with control (T-1, treatment frequency @3 times, water spray) with different foliar sprays of PSAP concentrations, such as 12.5, 15.0, and 25 kg ha(-1) at 60, 90, and 120 days after planting as T-2, T-3, and T-4, respectively. Relative to the control plots, 12.5, 15, and 25 kg ha(-1) PSAP treatments had significantly higher cane length, diameter, millable canes, yields and sugar recovery (%), which were 2.17, 2.26 and 2.30%; 1.83, 1.47 and 1.47%; 7.69, 8.97 and 9.23%; 12.51, 12.72 and 12.72%; 20.4, 18.6 and 17.8%, respectively. Further, the incidence of early shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus), top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis), and stalk borer (Chilo auricilius) was reported to be significantly lower during T-2, T-3 and T-4 to the tune of - 31.3, - 25.0 and - 18.7%; - 27.8, - 19.4 and - 16.7% and - 27.6, - 24.2 and - 20.7%, respectively, as compared to the control (T-1) plots. Better growth, yield, and quality parameters along with lesser insect-pest incidence resulted in higher B: C ratio of 1.40 in T-2 treatment as compared to 1.19 and 0.71 in T-3 and T-4 as compared to T-1 treatment. Our results suggest that PSAP @12.5 kg ha(-1) may be recommended for reducing insect incidence and for enhancing sugarcane growth, yield, and sugar recovery.