The study was carried out at Forestry Research Farm, CCSHAU, Hisar to assess the effect of agri-silvi-horticultural system, i.e. on different soil microbial properties. Surface soil (0-15 cm) samples were collected randomly and then these samples were immediately used for analyzing potentially mineralizable nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, dehvdrogenase activity, alkaline phosphatase activity and urease activity under 3 treatments (5 replications), i.e. control (wheat), Kirmow + wheat and Kinnow + Eucalyptus + wheat Significant improvement in soil biological properties was observed under tree-based system as all biological properties were recorded highest in Kinnow + Eucalyptus + wheat system followed by Kinnow + wheat as compared to control. Dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activity were higher under Kinnow + Eucalyptus + wheat (69.3 and 33.8%) followed by Kinnow + wheat (39.6 and 12.2%) over control. Similarly, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and =we activity were observed to be higher under Kinnow + Eucalyptus + wheat (50.3 and 31.9%) followed by Kinnow + wheat (28.9 and 12.3%) over control. A linear positive regression relationship was observed among organic carbon vs. microbial biomass carbon. The coefficient of determination for organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon explained variability of 98.3%. The result of the study showed that tree-based agroforestry system can significantly increase the soil biological properties. Based on the present study, it was suggested that soil microbiological activities can be enhanced by adopting agroforestry or tree-based system.