This publication outlines a possible process and poses questions that countries may wish to consider as they develop integrated national waste management strategies. It outlines the reasons for a national waste management strategy and explores the challenges and opportunities waste management presents to governments and communities. It also deals with concepts and principles related to waste management and takes account of major considerations influencing policy choices involved in the process of strategy development, monitoring, and implementation. Finally, this document defines the actions a country can take in order to develop a strategy, then to implement, review and update it.