The title of this report asks, "Is U.S. trade enforcement making a difference, and can it do more?" In short, the answer to both questions is "yes." Trade enforcement appears to be making a difference, but it can also do more, even if some aims of U.S. policy remain out of reach. Early evidence suggests that many stakeholders are taking note, and some are changing behavior in response. Focusing on the effects of the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act of 2021, the authors' analysis suggests that a combination of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's (DHS's) interventions and changes in businesses' behavior has led to a decline in direct imports of goods originating from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. However, deeper ties to that region will be difficult to root out and expunge, and reducing the use of forced labor globally might be yet more difficult. But these challenges do not negate the value of trying.