PURPOSE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesise the evidence of the effectiveness of self-management interventions with action-taking components in improving self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and depression for adult stroke survivors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine electronic databases were searched for relevant studies, including grey literature and ongoing studies. Randomised controlled trials targeting adult stroke survivors comparing health-related outcomes of patients receiving self-management interventions with action-taking components to usual care, placebo, or no-treatment were included. Screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers. Meta-analyses were performed. Overall quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. RESULTS: A total of seventeen studies were included. Meta-analyses showed that the intervention may result in a slight increase in self-efficacy (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI [0.07-0.52], p = 0.010, I2 = 47%) and basic activities of daily living (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI [0.16-0.46], p < 0.001, I2 = 0%), but not for the other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Self-management interventions with action-taking components may result in a slight improvement in self-efficacy and rehabilitation of basic activities of daily living. Future research should investigate which core self-management skill, or combination of them, is most effective in improving short-term and long-term outcomes. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Stroke can be a chronic condition as approximately half of stroke survivors suffer from permanent disabilities. Self-management interventions are one form of rehabilitation programmes available to stroke survivors. Self-management interventions with action-taking components may result in a slight increase in patient self-efficacy and carrying out basic activities of daily living compared to usual care given.