Family caregivers play an increasingly important role in providing care services, especially for the aging population. Currently, evidence on compassion fatigue among family caregivers remains limited. Our study aims to assess the levels and related factors of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction in family caregivers. We searched nine electronic databases for published observational studies up to 7 October 2021. In our studies, the pooled mean scores of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction were 42.35 (95% CI: 28.45-56.24) and 36.41 (95% CI: 33.63-39.19), respectively. We considered background, role-related, and social psychological variables to influence the risk of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction. Current data suggest that overall compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction levels were moderate, thus highlighting the potential risk of compassion fatigue for family caregivers. In the future, these findings can be used to develop programs that will mitigate compassion fatigue and improve compassion satisfaction in family caregivers.