Rationale and objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative CT scan-derived myocardial biomarkers in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Materials and methods: In April 2024, three databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Embase) were searched to identify studies. A random-effects model for meta-analysis was conducted to calculate pooled hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the prognostic value. The I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. Meta-regression analysis was conducted to appraise which variables yielded a significant impact on the HR of included biomarkers. Results: 11 studies were identified, of which six studies involved 678 patients reporting extracellular volume fraction (ECV), one study involved 300 patients reporting ECV and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), three studies involved 868 patients reporting LVGLS and one study involved 376 patients reporting LVGLS and peak left atrial longitudinal strain (PALS). The endpoints included all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and a composite outcome of the previous two. The meta-analysis revealed that ECV, whether considered as a dichotomous variable (pooled HR: 3.87, 95% CI: 2.63-5.70, I2 = 0%), or as a continuous variable (pooled HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05-1.19, I2 = 66%), and LVGLS, whether considered as a dichotomous variable (pooled HR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.30-2.22, I2 = 0%) or a continuous variable (pooled HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04-1.10, I2 = 0%) were all significant predictors for outcomes in patients with severe AS after TAVR. Age, sex, follow-up time and mean pressure gradient had a significant impact on the model of ECV (continuous). Conclusion: The higher CT-derived ECV and impaired LVGLS are able to predict worse outcomes in patients with severe AS who have undergone TAVR.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review and meta-analysis to provide overall estimates of the recall and precision of artificial intelligence for detection and segmentation using oral and maxillofacial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was done in Embase, PubMed, and Scopus through October 31, 2022 to identify studies that reported the recall and precision values of artificial intelligence systems using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images for the automatic detection or segmentation of anatomical landmarks or pathological lesions. Recall (sensitivity) indicates the percentage of certain structures that are correctly detected. Precision (positive predictive value) indicates the percentage of accurately identified structures out of all detected structures. The performance values were extracted and pooled, and the estimates were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: In total, 12 eligible studies were finally included. The overall pooled recall for artificial intelligence was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.94). In a subgroup analysis, the pooled recall was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77-0.94) for detection and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87-0.96) for segmentation. The overall pooled precision for artificial intelligence was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.95). A subgroup analysis showed that the pooled precision value was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.77-0.96) for detection and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89-0.97) for segmentation. CONCLUSION: Excellent performance was found for artificial intelligence using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images.

BACKGROUND: The diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) in the detection of left atrial / left atrial appendage(LA/LAA) thrombus had been tested in many studies, the results are controversial. AIMS: The aim of the present study was to synthetically evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MDCT in LA/LAA thrombus. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Pubmed and Embase were searched for published prospective studies which compared CT with transesophageal echocardiogram(TEE) in detecting LA/LAA thrombu prior to march 2014. Descriptive and quantitative information was extracted and MetaDiSc 1.4 was used to perform a meta-analysis. Fifteen prospective clinical controlled trials with 2540 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivities (SEN):0.957; pooled specificities (SPE): 0.917; pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR): 22.017; pooled negative likelihood ratio (NLR): 0.060; pooled Diagnostic Odds Ratio (DOR): 437.43; the area under the curve (AUC): 0.9883; Q*-value: 0.9544. However, in the abovementioned indexes, the heterogeneities was statistically significant between studies (p0.05, I250%). In a sub-analysis of studies in which delayed imaging, ECG-gating and heart rate control were performed, not only the diagnostic accuracy but also the heterogeneities were significantly improved(pooled SEN 0.991; pooled SPE 0.989; pooled PLR 60.768; pooled NLR 0.034; pooled DOR 2561.7; AUC 0.9972; Q*-value 0.9806; all the indexes' p-value greater than 0.05 and the I2 were 0%, except the SPE's I2=54.6% ). CONCLUSION: Patients with TEE intolerance or contraindications, MDCT may be an alternative method, especially when the delayed imaging, ECG-gating and heart rate control were performed

BACKGROUND: With ongoing technical developments, MRI has notably evolved for the assessment of pulmonary vasculature. However, uncertainty persists about the performance of MRI for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (APE). OBJECTIVES: To clarify the comprehensive role of MRI for diagnosing APE. METHODS: Studies were identified through a search of Pubmed and Ovid databases. And QUADAS-2 tool was applied for quality assessment of the included studies. RESULTS: 15 studies on patient basis and 9 on vessel basis were retrieved. The patient-based analysis yielded an overall sensitivity of 0.75 (95% confidence interval 0.70-0.79) and 0.84 (0.80-0.87) for all patients and technically adequate patients, respectively; with an overall specificity of 0.80 (0.77-0.83) and 0.97 (0.96-0.98), and a pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 51.07 (18.36-142.05) and 155.22 (86.83-277.47). A direct comparison of different MRI modalities showed that combined MRI test had the highest pooled DOR and the lowest proportion of inconclusive images. Of note, heterogeneity and moderate quality were observed. On vessel basis, MRI had high sensitivity and specificity in larger-order vessels, but a significantly lower sensitivity of 0.55 (0.50-0.60) for subsegmental APE. CONCLUSIONS: On patient-based level, MRI yields high diagnostic accuracies for the detection of APE, especially in technically adequate images. And the inconclusive MRI examinations virtually result from motion artifact and poor arterial opacification. Combined MRI test appears to be a more promising diagnostic tool with greater discrimination power over single techniques. From a vessel-based perspective, MRI exhibits high diagnostic capability with proximal arteries, while lacks sensitivity for peripheral embolism. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved