Focus on the construction, wear mechanism, and corrosion resistance principle of nickel-based composite coatings with aligned h-BN. The composite coatings were fabricated via shear flow-assisted electrodeposition, which enables control over the alignment direction of plate-like h-BN particles. Compared to composite coatings prepared without shear flow assistance, the coating produced under a shear flow intensity of 20.4   Pa exhibited a 65.6% reduction in wear rate and an 88.6% decrease in corrosion rate. The inclination angle of the h-BN within the coating relative to the coating surface decreased from 38.2° to 13.5°. h-BN with a smaller distribution angle more readily facilitates the formation of a continuous transfer film during the friction process.