In arid and semi-arid regions, farmland salinization poses a significant challenge to agricultural productivity and economic development. This study developed a highly water-absorbing gel material (PN-MA-L-Glu/PAA) through the synthesis of N-maleoyl-L-glutamic acid (N-MA-L-Glu) and its subsequent copolymerization with acrylic acid. The material exhibited remarkable water absorption capacities of 2880 g/g in deionized water, 272 g/g in tap water, and 175 g/g in a 0.9 % NaCl solution. Experimental results demonstrated that incorporating 0.15 % of the material significantly enhanced soil nutrient retention by 52.1 % and improved moisture retention by 73.74 %. Salt exclusion tests revealed that the material effectively reduced the concentrations of both cations and anions, with its anion adsorption performance aligning well with theoretical predictions. In pot experiments, the addition of 0.15 % and 0.2 % of the material resulted in germination rates of 86.2 % and 100 %, respectively. Notably, 0.2 % of the material reduced the total salt content in the soil surface layer by 59.1 %, decreased the pH by 0.67, and lowered the electrical conductivity (EC) by 3928.4 mu S/cm. This innovative material effectively mitigates the migration of soil moisture and salts while stabilizing salt ions through chelation and adsorption mechanisms. Furthermore, its biodegradable properties make it an ideal solution for addressing soil salinization in arid and semi-arid regions, offering a promising approach for soil remediation and sustainable agricultural management.