We investigated the role of carnivore mammals as seed dispersers in a Saharan environment, where alternative dispersers are scarce. First, we studied the frequency of occurrence (FO) of seeds in scats and assessed fruit selection by comparing use versus availability. Second, we evaluated seed dispersal by measuring the density of undamaged seeds disseminated and examining the presumed differences between optimal and sub-optimal macro-habitats for germination. Seeds from eight plant species (Ziziphus lotus, Lycium shawii, Asparagus altissimus, Searsia tripartita, Nitraria retusa, Phoenix dactylifera, Ephedra alata, and Balanites aegyptiaca) were found in 597 collected fecal samples from four carnivore species (North African golden wolf Canis lupaster, red fox Vulpes vulpes, R & uuml;ppell's fox V. ruepellii, and honey badger Mellivora capensis). The FO ranged 9.47% to 35.29% per species and study period. Wolves preferentially consumed the drupes of Z. lotus, while foxes selected the berries of L. shawii and A. altissimus. On average, 12.9 +/- 2.4 intact seeds/scat were found in the samples containing seeds, with 72.4% of these seeds deposited in optimal habitats (dry riverbeds and secondary ravines), amounting to 1038.9 +/- 351.1 undamaged seeds/km2. Our results suggest an important role of canid species as seed dispersers in the Sahara Desert.