Lower primary productivity in more arid environments limits food resources to local animals and is particularly acute for taxa at higher trophic levels, such as carnivores. This selective pressure may drive intraguild competition in carnivore communities and directly impact survival and fitness of individuals, determining local population persistence. We have estimated the diet of a mesocarnivore community of the Sahara Desert composed of four species: African golden wolf (Canis lupaster), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), African wildcat (Felis lybica), and honey badger (Mellivora capensis). Interspecific exploitative competition was predicted to be intense in this stressful environment, which should drive high niche segregation. We studied diet overlap in two seasons to measure variation in niche segregation. African golden wolves had the broadest diet, which was based on domestic ungulates and a variety of items such as lagomorphs, small mammals, reptiles, arthropods, and fruit. Red foxes also fed on a wide range of species, mainly arthropods, small mammals, and reptiles. African wildcats were more specialized and consumed mostly small mammals, although with some consumption of reptiles and birds. Finally, honey badgers showed a strong preference for a single resource, the spiny-tailed lizard (Uromastyx nigriventris). As predicted, the four species showed relatively low diet overlap, with average seasonal Pianka's index ranging from 0.34 (SD = 0.17) in April to 0.43 (SD = 0.14) in December. This high level of niche segregation was relaxed in the wet season when more resources were available, further implicating the role of primary productivity in driving the ecology of the system.