2026-04-15 INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2026 244(卷), null(期), (null页)
Soil salinization severely constrains agricultural productivity in arid regions. This study synthesized a novel zwitterionic superabsorbent polymer (SAP), HA-g-P(AA-co-SBMA), by grafting humic acid (HA) and [2-(meth-acryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulphopropyl) (SBMA) onto an acrylic acid (AA) backbone. This material exhibits both water retention and salt resistance, with water absorption rates of 2698 g g(-1) in distilled water and 122 g g(-1) in 0.9% NaCl solution, while maintaining stable performance across a pH range of 4-10. Pot experiments demonstrated that as a salt barrier layer, this SAP reduced soil Na* content by 28-46%, significantly lowered electrical conductivity (EC) and pH, and increased maize (Zea mays L.) germination rates by 40-161% under 0.3-1.5% NaCl stress. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations confirm that HA and SBMA synergistically enhance hydrophilicity and Na* adsorption capacity through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Granular SAP outperforms film-based forms by avoiding the oxygen-depletion effect. This study provides a sustainable, multifunctional material solution for saline-alkali soil remediation and crop stress resistance.