The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is crucial to hydroclimatic anomalies on the Chinese Loess Plateau, although the relationship between them is ambiguous during the last glacial period. Based on 230Th/U dating, stable isotope and trace metal data from one stalagmite (No. L30), we reconstruct the evolution of EASM and palaeohydroclimate on the Chinese Loess Plateau from 53 to 38 ka BP during Marine Isotope Stage 3. On the millennial timescale, the delta 18O record (a proxy of EASM intensity) captures Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) 8-14 and Heinrich (H) 4-5 events, which are imprinted in delta 13C and trace metal records. By applying principal component analysis to delta 13C and trace metal data, we derived a local precipitation record that changes consistently with rapid monsoon shifts at the onset of DO and H events. However, disparities exist, manifested as an anomalously highprecipitation period from 44 to 38 ka BP, which is not observed in the trendless EASM record but is supported by records from northern and northwestern China. Orbital-scale climatic background of the global ice volume and precession could have caused the sub-orbital decoupling between the EASM circulation and regional rainfall in northern and northwestern China. Ice sheet advance during glaciation cools the northern high latitudes and forces the strengthening and southward movement of the westerly jet, while low precession causes the westward expansion of the Western Pacific Subtropical High. A strong westerly jet carries moisture from the Atlantic Ocean, encountering the moist water vapor from the Pacific Ocean, leading to the development of the frontal rain, and thus the high-precipitation period since 44 ka BP in northern and northwestern China. Therefore, local rainfall on the Chinese Loess Plateau generally couples with the EASM circulation on the millennial timescale, but decoupling could also occur due to the influence of other climatic subsystems, including the westerly jet and the Western Pacific Subtropical High, which are modulated by orbital-scale background conditions.