Semi-arid regions suffer from soil and aquifer salinization and water scarcity due to poor-quality irrigation water and intensive exploitation of groundwater resources. The research focuses on a case study specifically for the Cap Bon Region, an area acutely vulnerable to the salinization issue, and proposes a methodology based on the numerical simulation of water flow and salt transport in the unsaturated zone to assess the risk of soil and aquifer salinization. Eight soil profiles were selected for numerical simulation using Hydrus-1D to analyze water flow and solute transport, considering piezometric levels and salinity available data. The calibration and validation of the model were successful (RMSE < 9% and < 6%, respectively), confirming the adequacy of the modeling methodology. The analysis of hydro-saline variation indicates that El Haouaria soil is significantly impacted by salinization, with a salt concentration stabilizing at 2.89 g/l. In contrast, the Grombalia aquifer is more vulnerable to contamination and has experienced a depletion of water resources, with soil moisture dropping to very low levels of around 9%, primarily due to overexploitation. These results offer valuable insights for rational future management of water resources and will aid in making informed decisions for sustainable water resource management in the region.